[RESUMEN] ABSTRACT

The book Nueva Crónica y Buen Gobierno has mantained, since the reappearance of the manuscript, an important place in the field of Andean historiography. The book, written by Guaman Poma de Ayala, a member of the Peruvian indian nobility, has lately been at the center of a heated debate. The cause is a recently disclosed old document according to which the real author of the book is Blas Valera, a Peruvian Jesuit.